Pointer qn 1

What's the output?

<syntaxhighlight lang="c" name="pointer_1"> int main() {

       int arr[3] = {2, 3, 4};
       char *p;
       p = (char*)arr;
       printf("%d ", *p);
       p = p+1;
       printf("%d\n", *p);
       
       return 0;

}

</syntaxhighlight>

(A) 2 3

(B) 2 0

(C) 1 0

(D) Garbage value

Solution by Arjun Suresh

Assume start location of arr is 1000. So, the first two elements of the array will be stored in memory as follows:

1000: 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 (hexa decimal representation and assuming int takes 4 bytes and assuming least significant byte is stored at lowest address(little-endian))
1004: 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0

Now, %d, *p. Here, *p is a character which is just a byte. So, *p value here is the byte at address 1000 which is 02 (in hex) and this is passed to printf. In C language, when a char is passed to a function actually it's int value as given by the char code (usually ASCII) is passed. So, here 02 is sign-extended to 0002 and passed to printf. Now, in printf we used %d, and hence the output will be 2.

When p is incremented, it will become to 1001, as p is a char pointer (for pointer addition, sizeof datatype pointed to is added and sizeof char is 1). So, now the value of *p is 00 and as explained above printf will print 0 for this. 
1001: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

So, output will be 0.

On a big-endian machine output will be 0 0. So, correct answer should be architecture dependent.

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